Ikpo okwu granite ziri ezi, ya na ike ha dị elu, obere mmụba, arụmọrụ damping dị mma na ihe ndị sitere n'okike na-egbochi magnetik, nwere uru ngwa a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe na ngalaba mmepụta dị elu na nyocha sayensị ebe a na-achọ nkenke na nkwụsi ike nke ukwuu. Ihe ndị a bụ ọnọdụ ngwa ya na uru teknụzụ:
I. Ubi nke akụrụngwa nhazi nke Ultra-kike
Ngwa mmepụta semiconductor
Ọnọdụ ngwa: Tebụl ọrụ igwe lithography, ntọala igwe wafer dicing, ikpo okwu nhazi akụrụngwa nkwakọ ngwaahịa.
Uru teknụzụ:
Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ nke granite bụ naanị (0.5-1.0) ×10⁻⁶/℃, nke nwere ike iguzogide mgbanwe okpomọkụ n'oge mkpughe nanoscale nke igwe lithography (njehie mbugharị < 0.1nm na gburugburu ±0.1℃).
Ọdịdị obere oghere dị n'ime ya na-emepụta ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị n'ime ya (nkezi mmiri na-ada site na 0.05 ruo 0.1), na-egbochi ịma jijiji (njupụta < 2μm) n'oge a na-egbutu ya ngwa ngwa site na igwe ịkpụ ya ma na-ahụ na oke Ra nke ịkpụ wafer erughị 1μm.
2. Igwe Ngweri Ihe Ndị Dị Mkpa na Igwe Nha Nhazi (CMM)
Okwu ngwa:
Ntọala nke igwe nha nhazi atọ ahụ na-eji usoro granite dị n'ime ya, nke nwere larịị nke ±0.5μm/m. Ejikọtara ya na okporo ụzọ nduzi ikuku na-ese n'elu mmiri, ọ na-enweta izi ezi mmegharị nano-level (izizi nhazi ugboro ugboro ±0.1μm).
Tebụl ọrụ nke igwe igwe na-egweri anya na-eji usoro granite na ígwè ọlaọcha eme ihe. Mgbe a na-egweri iko K9, oke mmiri dị n'elu ya erughị λ/20 (λ=632.8nm), na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka nhazi dị nro nke lenzi laser.
Ii. Ubi nke Optics na Photonics
Teliskopi mbara igwe na sistemụ leza
Ngwa ndị a na-ahụkarị:
Ikpo okwu nkwado nke elu ntụgharị nke nnukwu teleskop redio na-eji usoro mmanụ aṅụ granite, nke dị mfe ibu (njupụta 2.7g/cm³) ma nwee ike iguzogide mkpọtụ ifufe siri ike (mgbanwe < 50μm n'okpuru ifufe ọkwa 10).
Ikpo okwu anya nke laser interferometer na-eji obere granite nwere oghere. A na-edozi reflector ahụ site na mmịpụta ikuku, yana njehie dị larịị nke na-erughị 5nm, na-eme ka nnwale anya dị oke nkenke dịka nchọpụta ebili mmiri ike ndọda kwụsie ike.
2. Nhazi akụkụ anya nke ọma
Uru teknụzụ:
Ike ndọta na ike eletrik nke ikpo okwu granite dị nso na efu, na-ezere mmetụta nke nnyonye anya elektrọnik na usoro nkenke dịka ion beam polishing (IBF) na magnetorheological polishing (MRF). Nzizi ọdịdị elu na uru PV nke lensị asphical a na-edozi nwere ike iru λ/100.
Iii. Nnyocha Eluigwe na Nkọwapụta
Ikpo okwu nyocha nke akụkụ ụgbọelu
Ọnọdụ ojiji: Nnyocha atọ nke agụba ụgbọelu, nha ọdịdị na nnabata ọnọdụ nke ihe owuwu aluminom alloy ụgbọelu.
Arụmọrụ dị mkpa:
A na-eji ire ere elektrọlik na-agwọ elu nke ikpo okwu granite ahụ iji mepụta ụkpụrụ dị mma (nwere oke Ra 0.4-0.8μm), nke dabara adaba maka nyocha ihe mkpali dị elu, njehie nke ịchọpụta profaịlụ agụba erughị 5μm.
Ọ nwere ike iguzogide ibu karịrị kilogram 200 nke ihe ndị dị n'ụgbọelu, mgbanwe dị larịị mgbe ejiri ya ogologo oge erughị 2μm/m, na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka mmezi ziri ezi nke ọkwa 10 na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ elu.
2. Nhazi nke ihe ndị na-agagharị n'ime ikuku
Ihe achọrọ maka teknụzụ: Nhazi kwụ ọtọ nke ngwaọrụ inertial dị ka gyroscopes na accelerometers chọrọ ikpo okwu ntụaka siri ike nke ukwuu.
Ngwọta: A na-ejikọta ikpo okwu granite na sistemụ mwepụta mkpọtụ na-arụ ọrụ (ugboro eke < 1Hz), na-enweta nhazi dị elu nke nkwụsi ike efu nke ihe ndị na-adịghị arụ ọrụ < 0.01°/h na gburugburu ebe nwere mmụba mkpọtụ < 1×10⁻⁴g.
Iv. Nanotechnology na Biomedicine
Ikpo okwu nyocha ihe nyocha (SPM)
Ọrụ bụ isi: Dịka ntọala maka atomik force microscopy (AFM) na scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), ọ dị mkpa ka e kewapụ ya na mkpọtụ gburugburu ebe obibi na thermal drift.
Ihe ngosi arụmọrụ:
Ikpo okwu granite, yana ụkwụ mpụta nke ikuku, nwere ike ibelata ọnụego mbufe nke mpụta (1-100Hz) ruo ihe na-erughị 5%, na-enweta onyonyo ọkwa atọm nke AFM na gburugburu ebe obibi (mkpebi < 0.1nm).
Mmetụta okpomọkụ erughị 0.05μm/℃, nke na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka nlele nanoscale nke ihe nlele ihe ndị dị ndụ na gburugburu okpomọkụ na-agbanwe agbanwe (37℃±0.1℃).
2. Ngwa nkwakọ ngwaahịa biochip
Ihe eji eme ihe: Ikpo okwu nhazi dị elu maka ibe usoro DNA na-eji okporo ụzọ nduzi granite na-ese n'elu ikuku, yana izi ezi nke ọnọdụ nke ±0.5μm, na-ahụ na njikọ dị n'etiti ọwa microfluidic na electrode nchọpụta.
V. Ihe Ndị Na-apụta n'Ojiji
Isi akụrụngwa kọmputa nke Quantum
Ihe ịma aka teknụzụ: Mmegharị Qubit chọrọ oke okpomọkụ dị ala (ọkwa mK) na gburugburu ebe obibi igwe kwụsiri ike.
Ngwọta: Ihe onwunwe nke granite dị oke ala nke mgbasawanye okpomọkụ (ọnụego mgbasawanye < 1ppm site na -200℃ ruo okpomọkụ ụlọ) nwere ike ịdakọ na njirimara mkpụkọ nke magnet superconducting okpomọkụ dị oke ala, na-ahụ na nhazi ziri ezi n'oge nkwakọ ngwaahịa nke quantum chips.
2. Sistemụ Lithography Electron Beam (EBL)
Ọrụ dị mkpa: Ihe mkpuchi nke ikpo okwu granite (resistvivity > 10¹³Ω · m) na-egbochi mgbasa nke ụdọ elektrọn. Ejikọtara ya na draịva spindle electrostatic, ọ na-enweta nhazi lithography dị oke mma site na obosara ahịrị nanoscale (< 10nm).
Nchịkọta
Ojiji nke ikpo okwu nkenke granite agbatịwo site na igwe nkenke ọdịnala ruo na ngalaba ndị kachasị ọhụrụ dịka nanotechnology, quantum physics, na biomedicine. Isi asọmpi ya dị na njikọ miri emi nke ihe onwunwe na ihe achọrọ maka injinia. N'ọdịnihu, site na ijikọta teknụzụ nkwado mejupụtara (dị ka graphene-granite nanocomposites) na teknụzụ nghọta nwere ọgụgụ isi, ikpo okwu granite ga-agafe n'ụzọ ziri ezi nke ọkwa atọm, nkwụsi ike oke okpomọkụ zuru oke, na njikọta ọtụtụ ọrụ, na-aghọ ihe ndị bụ isi na-akwado ọgbọ na-esote nke mmepụta ihe dị oke mma.
Oge ozi: Mee-28-2025