Kedu ka ikpo okwu anya granite ga-esi nweta nkwụsi ike n'akụkụ nke 0.01μrad?

N'ihe gbasara nnwale anya ziri ezi na mmepụta dị elu, nkwụsi ike n'akụkụ na ọkwa 0.01μrad bụ ihe na-egosi isi ihe. Ngwugwu anya granite, yana ihe onwunwe ha na njikọta teknụzụ, abụrụla ihe na-ebu ibu ọrụ maka inweta ezigbo nkọwa.

Uru nke ihe ndị e ji mee ihe na-atọ ntọala siri ike. Granite, dị ka nkume igneous nke geology mepụtara ruo ọtụtụ narị nde afọ, a ma ama maka obere oke mmụba okpomọkụ ya, nke bụ naanị ọkara nke ígwè na otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke aluminom. Mgbe okpomọkụ gbanwere site na 1℃, ihe granite nke dị mita 1 na-agbasa site na naanị micromita 6, ebe ihe mejupụtara aluminom na-agbasa site na micromita 23. Nke a na-ezere ntụgharị akụkụ nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ kpatara nke ọma. Ka ọ dịgodị, arụmọrụ ya dị mma nke na-ebelata ụda nwere ike ibelata mkpọtụ mpụga ngwa ngwa, na-eme ka ikpo okwu ahụ dị n'ọnọdụ kwụ ọtọ ma na-ebelata nnyonye anya na ihe mejupụtara anya.

Nhazi nhazi ziri ezi na-eme ka nkwụsi ike dịkwuo elu. Ikpo okwute anya granite, mgbe emechara nhazi usoro igwe emelitere, emeela ka nkwụsi ike dịkwuo elu ma nwee ike iguzogide mmebi ibu nke ọma. Izi ezi nhazi elu ya ruru ọkwa kachasị elu na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Site na iji izi ezi ọkwa 00 nke na-emezu ọkọlọtọ GB4987-85 dịka ọmụmaatụ, nkwụsi ike dị larịị bụ naanị 2×(1 + d/1000)μm (d bụ ogologo diagonal), na-enye ntụaka nrụnye dị larịị maka akụrụngwa anya.

A na-enweta nhazi ike site na mmekorita teknụzụ. Mgbe ejiri sistemụ mwepụ mkpọtụ dị elu dịka isi iyi ikuku ma ọ bụ levitation magnet, ikpo okwu granite nwere ike ịwepụ mkpọtụ dị ala na nke dị elu. Site na ngwa nha dị elu dịka laser interferometers, a na-enyocha mgbanwe akụkụ n'oge ozugbo. Ozugbo mgbanwe gafere oke nke 0.01μrad, sistemụ njikwa nzaghachi na-ebugharị usoro nhazi dị mma maka ndozi iji hụ na ikpo okwu ahụ na-adị n'ọnọdụ ziri ezi na nke kwụsiri ike mgbe niile.

Site na isi ihe dị na ihe ahụ ruo n'ike teknụzụ, ikpo okwu optical granite, nke nwere nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ, nguzogide ịma jijiji na uru nhazi ziri ezi dịka isi ya, yana teknụzụ njikwa nwere ọgụgụ isi, agafeela oke nhazi ziri ezi nke 0.01μrad nke ọma ma ejiri ya mee ihe nke ọma n'ọhịa ndị dị elu dịka fotolithography, nlele mbara igwe na nha laser, na-akwalite nyocha na nrụpụta nke opticals dị elu ruo n'ọkwa ọhụrụ.