N'ọrụ ndị dị elu dịka imepụta semiconductor, nyocha anya ziri ezi, na nhazi nanomaterial, nkwụsi ike na izi ezi nke akụrụngwa na-ekpebi kpọmkwem ịdị mma ngwaahịa na arụmọrụ mmepụta. Ikpo okwu nkenke granite, nke na-ebelata arụmọrụ ya ugboro isii karịa nke ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ, na-aghọ ihe kachasị amasị n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Kedu uru ndị a na-apụghị ịgbanwe agbanwe dị n'azụ uru arụmọrụ a? Ka anyị nyochaa uru ndị dị na ịhọrọ ikpo okwu nkenke granite.
1. Nkwa kachasị mma, obere mmejọ abụghịzi nsogbu
N'oge a na-emepụta nanoscale, obere mkpọtụ ọ bụla nwere ike ibute mkpochapụ ngwaahịa. Mgbe ntọala ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ zutere mkpọtụ nke ọrụ nke ngwaọrụ ma ọ bụ nnyonye anya nke gburugburu ebe obibi dị n'èzí na-akpata, n'ihi arụmọrụ ya na-ezughị oke, ike ịma jijiji na-esi ike ịgbapụ ngwa ngwa, na-ebute mbugharị ma ọ bụ ịma jijiji nke ihe ndị dị mkpa nke akụrụngwa ahụ. Ikpo okwu ziri ezi nke granite, yana njirimara ya dị egwu na-ebelata, nwere ike ịgbanwe ike ịma jijiji ka ọ bụrụ ike okpomọkụ maka ịgbasa n'otu ntabi anya, na-egbochi nnyefe na mmụba nke ịma jijiji nke ọma.
Were igwe fotolithography semiconductor dịka ihe atụ. Mgbe ejirichara usoro nhazi granite, oke mkpọtụ nke lenzi ahụ ebelatala site na ±8μm ruo ±1.3μm, na-ebelata njehie obosara ahịrị nke usoro mgbawa site na 75% ma na-eme ka izi ezi nke mgbawa ahụ ka mma nke ukwuu. Na nyocha anya ziri ezi, ọ nwere ike ijide n'aka na lenzi anya nke ngwa nyocha ahụ na-adịgide adịgide, na-ezere mmịpụta onyonyo na mgbanwe data nke mkpọtụ na-akpata, ma na-eme ọbụna obere ntụpọ na ọkwa 0.1μm ebe ọ bụla a ga-ezo.
Nke abụọ, ọ na-arụ ọrụ ogologo oge ma na-ebelata ọnụ ahịa ya.
N'okpuru mkpọtụ na mmetụta ogologo oge na-aga n'ihu, ntọala ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ na-enwe obere mgbawa n'ime, nke na-eduga na mbelata na ike nhazi. Ọ dị mkpa ka a gbanwee ya mgbe afọ 3 ruo 5 gachara, nke na-eme ka oge ọrụ nke akụrụngwa ahụ na-ebelata naanị kamakwa ọ na-eweta nnukwu ụgwọ mmezi na nnọchi. Granite nwere kristal mineral dị ka quartz na feldspar, nke ejikọtara ya nke ọma site na njikọ ionic na covalent. Ọ nwere nhazi siri ike ma dị otu ma nwee ike iguzogide ike ọgwụgwụ siri ike.
Ọbụna mgbe ọtụtụ puku usoro mkpọtụ gasịrị, ikpo okwu nhazi granite ka nwere ike ịnọgide na-enwe ihe onwunwe anụ ahụ na nke mekanikal kwụsiri ike, ndụ ọrụ ya nwekwara ike ịbụ ihe karịrị okpukpu atọ nke ntọala ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ. Ọnụọgụgụ sitere na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ngwa nhazi nhazi ụfọdụ na-egosi na mgbe ejiri ikpo okwu nhazi nhazi granite, ugboro ole a na-arụzi ngwa ebelatala site na 60%, nkezi ego echekwara kwa afọ gafere otu nde yuan.
Atọ. Ezigbo mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi, ijikwa ọnọdụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya n'ụzọ dị mfe
N'ebe mmepụta ihe n'ezie, ihe ndị dị ka mgbanwe okpomọkụ, nnyonye anya elektrọnik, na mmebi kemịkalụ nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ nke akụrụngwa. Ntọala ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ nwere oke mmụba okpomọkụ ma na-enwekarị mgbanwe nha n'okpuru mgbanwe okpomọkụ, nke na-emetụta izi ezi nke akụrụngwa ahụ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọ naghị enwe ike iguzogide nchara ma na-enwe ike ịcha nchara na mgbanwe n'okpuru mbibi nke ihe kemịkalụ.
Ikpo okwu nkenke granite nwere oke obere mmụba okpomọkụ (naanị 1/20 nke ígwè a kpụrụ akpụ), nke nwere ike iguzogide mmetụta nke mgbanwe okpomọkụ na-eweta nke ọma. O nwere ihe kemịkalụ kwụsiri ike ma anaghị emeghachi omume na ihe acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline, ọ nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na gburugburu ebe dị mgbagwoju anya dịka ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor na ụlọ nyocha kemịkalụ. Na mgbakwunye, granite anaghị eduzi ma ọ bụ na-abụghị magnetik, ọ naghịkwa emetụta ya site na nnyonye anya elektrọnik, nke na-eme ka ọrụ akụrụngwa kwụsie ike.
Nke anọ, omume ụlọ ọrụ egosila na ọ na-enyere ụlọ ọrụ aka ịsọ mpi ịga n'ihu
Omume nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ ndị isi na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche egosila nke ọma uru nke ikpo okwu nkenke granite. Mgbe nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ semiconductor zuru ụwa ọnụ gbanwere ikpo okwu nkenke granite, ọnụego mmepụta chip mụbara site na 78% ruo 92%, ikike mmepụta amụbakwara site na 30%. Mgbe onye nrụpụta ngwa anya dị elu nabatara ikpo okwu a, izi ezi nke ngwaahịa ya ruru ọkwa kachasị elu n'ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma merie ọtụtụ iwu mba ụwa.
N'asọmpi siri ike nke taa n'ihe gbasara imepụta ihe n'ụzọ ziri ezi, ịhọrọ ikpo okwu granite ziri ezi abụghị naanị nkwalite arụmọrụ nke akụrụngwa mmepụta, kamakwa mkpebi dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ iji melite mma ngwaahịa, belata ọnụ ahịa ma melite asọmpi ahịa. Site na ọganihu na-aga n'ihu nke teknụzụ, ikpo okwu granite ziri ezi ga-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ubi, na-akwalite ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ọ zụlite n'ụzọ ziri ezi na arụmọrụ ka mma.
Oge ozi: Mee-14-2025